TOTEM AND TABOO REVISITED: awful and fertile rise of new SUPERSTITIONS

Presentation /presentazione

ignorance, fear of the unknown, trust in magic or chance, or a false conception of causation

(Also an outraging, resentful file against Huxley's book Brave new worldis endorsed into the below quoted site moreover against its search and crave to warn the "sacrifice" of  motherhood, home, family, freedom, even love in the name of an "universal [artificial] happiness": BRAVE NEW WORLD? A Defence Of Paradise-Engineering (look below some quotes of it)

Brave New World (1932) is one of the most bewitching andinsidious works of literature ever written. An exaggeration? Tragically, no. Brave New World has come to serve as the false symbol for any regime of universal happiness. For sure, Huxley was writing a satirical piece of fiction, notscientific prophecy. Hence to treat his masterpiece as ill-conceived futurology rather than a work of great literature might seem to miss the point. Yet the knee-jerk response of It's Brave New World! to any blueprint for chemically-driven happiness has delayed research into paradise-engineering for all sentient life. So how does Huxley turn a future where we're all notionally happy into the archetypal dystopia? If it's technically feasible, what's wrong with using biotechnology to get rid of mental pain altogether?Brave New World is an unsettling, loveless and even sinister place. This is because Huxley endows his "ideal" society with features calculated to alienate his audience. Typically, reading BNW elicits the very same disturbing feelings in the reader which the society it depicts has notionally vanquished - not a sense of joyful anticipation....Worse, it is suggested that the price of universal happiness will be the sacrifice of the most hallowed shibboleths of our culture: "motherhood", "home", "family", "freedom", even "love". The exchange yields an insipid happiness that's unworthy of the name.Its evocation arouses our unease and distaste....

Against Maternal Instinct.

IT IS REALLY HORRIFYING WHAT THEY HAVE DONE IN THEIR STUDIES OF THE MATERNAL INSTINCT. JOSE DELGADO WAS INVOLVED IN THIS RESEARCH.

..it is suggested that the price of universal happiness will be the sacrifice of the most hallowed shibboleths of our culture: MOTHERHOOD, HOME, FAMILY, FREEDOM, even LOVE. The exchange yields an insipid happiness that's unworthy of the name. Its evocation arouses our unease and distaste.

Delgado Index  Jose Delgado's: Physical Control of the Mind  Chapter 16: Inhibitory Effects in Animals and Man Figure 25 (Page 173)

	Above, maternal behavior is tenderly expressed by both mother monkeys, Rose and Olga, who hug, groom, and nurse their babies, Roo and Ole.
	Below, radio stimulation of Rose for ten seconds in the mesencephalon evoked a rage response expressed by self-biting and abandoning her baby, Roo. For the next ten minutes Rose has lost all her maternal interest (above), ignoring the appealing calls of Roo who seeks refuge with the other mother. Below, Rose is sucking her foot and still ignoring her  baby.

TOTEM AND TABOO

1 a : the state of a religious <a nun in her 20th year of religion> 
 b (1) : the service and worship of God or the supernatural 
 b (2) : commitment or devotion to religious faith or observance
2 : a personal set or institutionalized system of religious attitudes, beliefs, and practices
3 archaic : scrupulous conformity : CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
4 : a cause, principle, or system of beliefs held to with ardor and faith

1 : an inherited, established, or customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior (as a religious practice or  a social custom)
2 : the handing down of information, beliefs, and customs by word of mouth or by example from one generation to another without written instruction
3 : cultural continuity in social attitudes, customs, and institutions
4 : characteristic manner, method, or style - tra·di·tion·al  /-'dish-n&l, -'di-sh&-n&l/ adjective
- tra·di·tion·al·ly adverb

1 a : a usually traditional story of ostensibly historical events that serves to unfold part of the world view of a people or explain a practice, belief, or natural phenomenon 
1 b : PARABLE, ALLEGORY
2 a : a popular belief or tradition that has grown up around something or someone; especially : one embodying the ideals and institutions of a society or segment of society <seduced by the American myth of individualism -- Orde Coombs> 
2 b : an unfounded or false notion
3 : a person or thing having only an imaginary or unverifiable existence
4 : the whole body of myths

1 a : allegiance to duty or a person : LOYALTY 
1 b (1) : fidelity to one's promises 
1 b (2) : sincerity of intentions
2 a (1) : belief and trust in and loyalty to God 
2 a (2) : belief in the traditional doctrines of a religion
2 b (1) : firm belief in something for which there is no proof
2 (2) : complete trust
3 : something that is believed especially with strong conviction; especially : a system of religious beliefs synonym see BELIEF
- in faith : without doubt or question : VERILY

marked by excessive enthusiasm and often intense uncritical devotion <they're fanatic about politics> - fanatic noun - fa·nat·i·cal·ly  /f&-'na-ti-k(&-)lE/ adverb - fa·nat·i·cal·ness  /-k&l-n&s/ noun.

1 : forbidden to profane use or contact because of what are held to be dangerous supernatural powers
2 a : banned on grounds of morality or taste <the subject is taboo> 
2 b : banned as constituting a risk

1 : a prohibition against touching, saying, or doing something for fear of immediate harm from a supernatural force
2 : a prohibition imposed by social custom or as a protective measure
3 : belief in taboos

1 a : an object (as an animal or plant) serving as the emblem of a family or clan and often as a reminder of its ancestry; also : a usually carved or painted representation of such an object 
1 b : a family or clan identified by a common totemic object
2 : something that serves as an emblem or revered symbol

And then: so why nobody stopped just in time dangerously bizarre occurrences?

Scientific definition of “trial” The Clinical Trials and Informatics Support team provides  statistical and data processing support for all multicentre and some single-centre research projects undertaken by the Programme, as well as technical advice on the design, management, analysis and interpretation of research projects.

1 a : the action or process of trying or putting to the proof: TEST
1 b : a preliminary contest (as in a sport)
2 : the formal examination before a competent  tribunal of the matter in issue in a civil or criminal cause in order to determine such issue 
3 : a test of faith, patience, or stamina through subjection to suffering or temptation; broadly : a source of vexation or annoyance 
4 a : a try out or experiment to test quality, value, or usefulness 
4 b : one of a number of repetitions of an experiment
5 : ATTEMPT

Epidemiologo, studi sbagliati al 50 per cento La verita' scientifica? Forse non esiste. Le conclusioni raggiunte dalla maggior parte degli studi potrebbero essere sbagliate. Pescando a caso un qualunque lavoro tra quelli pubblicati in letteratura, la probabilita' che concluda il giusto sono inferiori al 50%. A disilludere ricercatori, medici e opinione pubblica sull'affidabilità degli studi scientifici e' l'epidemiologo John Ioannidis, della Scuola di Medicina dell'universita' di Ioannina, in Grecia. In un articolo sulla rivista 'Plos Medicine', l'esperto chiama in causa non solo l'errore umano, ma anche e soprattutto problemi sperimentali e statistici. Limiti il piu' delle volte insuperabili, che inevitabilmente finiscono per compromettere la correttezza dei risultati ottenuti. Secondo Ioannidis, i piu' a rischio di arrivare a conclusioni sbagliate sarebbero gli studi molto piccoli, quelli 'disegnati' male e quelli che producono risultati numerici bassi (il caso, per esempio, di un farmaco efficace solo nel 10% dei pazienti). Ma lo specialista invita a 'prendere con le pinze' anche i dati degli studi di dimensioni piu' vaste, di quelli ben disegnati e di quelli che lavorano su argomenti particolarmente 'caldi', relativamente ai quali i ricercatori sentono maggiori 'pressioni'. 'Dovremmo accettare il fatto che la maggior parte delle ricerche verra' confutata. Alcune saranno ripetute e confermate', aggiunge Ioannidis, sottolineando che, almeno in campo scientifico, 'replicare un dato ha piu' valore di scoprirlo per la prima volta''. L'esperto avanza dei dubbi sulla correttezza dell'espressione ''statisticamente significativo', ben nota ai lettori di studi scientifici. ''Comunemente - ricorda - un dato viene considerato 'statisticamente significativo' quando esiste solo una probabilita' su 20 che sia unicamente frutto del caso'. Ma questo metodo di calcolo non da' sufficienti garanzie, ''specialmente quando, per esempio, si tratta di collegare una certa malattia al gene che potrebbe esserne il responsabile''. Molte certezze potrebbero dunque crollare? A rassicurare uomini di laboratorio, clinici e pazienti e' Solomon Snyder, senior editor di 'Pnas' ed esperto di neuroscienze alla Johns Hopkins Medical School di Baltimora, Usa. Quando leggo la letteratura scientifica - osserva l'esperto su 'New Scientist' online - non penso certo di trovarmi di fronte a un manuale'. Non c'e' la pretesa di trovare 'la risposta', bensi' 'il desiderio di ottenere nuove idee'. 30-08-2005 21:26

Scientific definition of “trial” The Clinical Trials and Informatics Support team provides  statistical and data processing support for all multicentre and some single-centre research projects undertaken by the Programme, as well as technical advice on the design, management, analysis and interpretation of research projects.

TRIAL: Main Entry: 1tri·al Pronunciation: 'trI(-&)l Function: noun Etymology: Anglo-French, from trier to trial

1 a : the action or process of trying or putting to the proof: TEST
1 b : a preliminary contest (as in a sport)
2 : the formal examination before a competent  tribunal of the matter in issue in a civil or criminal cause in order to determine such issue 
3 : a test of faith, patience, or stamina through subjection to suffering or temptation; broadly : a source of vexation or annoyance 
4 a : a try out or experiment to test quality, value, or usefulness 
4 b : one of a number of repetitions of an experiment
5 : ATTEMPT

FASHION is the most general term and applies to any way of dressing, behaving, writing, or performing that is favored at any one time or place <the current fashion>.
STYLE often implies a distinctive fashion adopted by people of taste <a media baron used to traveling in style>.
MODE suggests the fashion of the moment among those anxious to appear elegant and sophisticated <slim bodies are the mode at this resort>.
VOGUE stresses the wide acceptance of a fashion <short skirts are back in vogue>.
FAD suggests caprice in taking up or in dropping a fashion <last year's fad is over>.
RAGE and CRAZE stress intense enthusiasm in adopting a fad <Cajun food was the rage nearly everywhere for a time> <crossword puzzles once seemed just a passing craze but have lasted>. 
synonym see in addition METHOD

Paradigmatiche vicende italiane:

Vedi René Spitz: IL PRIMO ANNO  DI VITA. Studio psicanalitico sllo sviluppo delle relazioni oggettuali. Armando Editore (traduzione C.Masina e V.Volterra Capogrossi): Deprivazione emotiva parziale (depressione anaclitica). Figura 14: Posizione patognomonica. / In his book - First Year  of Life: A Psychoanalytic Study of Normal and Deviant Development of Object Relations René Spitz considered this position typical of the anaclitic depression when he applied this term to the behavior of infants separated from "good" mothers for extended periods of time in hospital. After three months of separation from mother displays of distress in the infants studied would be replaced by vacant unresponsiveness.

1. a description, an anthropological and even ergonomic description, concerning one, this strange one, of the various ways how to manage babies’ sleep: the why and how and exactly when and by whom this strange idea could arise and become so worldwide spread. To lie prone? However this enough already warning situation displays another more “absurd” fact,  a new more weird query arousing from: how is it possible that a quite new, not traditional at all, an even strange custom as “face-down babies”, could become an ineffaceable myth, something as a ruthless superstition?
2. But here it should be added another consideration and example, regarding how all facts can be chained beyond the times, encircling generations and - true or artificial - knowledge. An Anthropologist - i.e. a scientist not a whoever commonplace uninformed person - said that he would have been compliant to doctor’s prescription.
3.  Instead a doctor considered - at least - APPALLING such assertion, and answered that a liable doctor should NEVER  take the responsibility (and so: culpability) to instigate some one to do something doubtful for his own feelings: deming that a serious competence has to prescribe only what can propose logic choices, or rather: the choices better fitting to this precise situation and liking.

open to future

To receive

I EXIST-FEELING

Once open to future, to wait-and-see behavior - markedly for the first ages of life - the whole organism is thriving towards to receive, the inner worldbefore birth, be recognized and reorganized as perceptions. This reorganized to receive is a source, the main source, of well being and - more - to I exist-feeling, the main source of growing intellectually by greedy curiosity, source in turn of developmental skills, and capability of resilience.

---

Thus to receive is therefore a way, the master way for every one in every situation to become keen, serious, able hence to care for, and conversely the way to be at best warning and cautious (which is the exact contrary to be paranoid suspicious). Following the baby's teaching, also adults - parents and in any case care-givers - should again and again learn to master ever better their aptitude to receive: enhanced by the increased attention to be careful for THIS particular baby, for his/her particular needs and wishes at any moment. And then this effort to become more understanding deserves to have an improved way open, broad, assuring freedom and , above all, fitting to change; to follow children's passages trains to open forthcoming experiences not only towards the changing baby and his/her changeable world, rather worthy to be fitting to every developmental childhood's stage or complex, even to recover the own missed or damaged ones.
. (and the whole development) is continuously molded by seeings, tasting, smellings, a plenty of sensations, an invasion of every kind of feelings... which can already, perhaps

Prone - Body Position and Disposition of Will

Il faut garder sa liberte' d'esprit et croire que DANS LA NATURE L'ABSURDE SUIVANT NOS THEORIES N'EST PAS TOUJOURS IMPOSSIBLE (Claude Bernard)

Searching steadfastly when and by whom raised as “evidence based trial” the face down position, there was none, none at all wise answer. But a clamorous statistic data come to light: how many and how much worldwide adults are credulous and not responsible, are weak and fearful; how frail is the wisdom of professionals and how are lacking parental instincts.  Hence: was it the real task of a reserved, disguised trial?

IF SO A VERY SUCCESSFUL TRIAL!

And then: why is it so hard to stop such practices in spite of any warning against?

Finally I feel  less alien. When  my daughter was  a baby and I ran  her about i n  a push-car, I was  ever putting  her belly-up since I was feeling that  so she  was happier; and when she was falling asleep I left  her to stay in her preferred position. Instead, when my mother looked at me, always was with terrorized  eyes, and, as soon  as I didn't  watch, always she was suddenly putting the baby face-down.

1. It has to be explained why this compelling “fashion” - the obliged face-down, prone position - should scientifically be refused.
2. But here has to be added an Anthropological consideration and put on the critical Anthropological problem: why in spite of almost ten years of warnings, the prone position lasted so longtime as a MYTH?
3. Here below - as in the Congress Poster - articles and also excerpts of private exchange of mails should be presented to disentangle the consequences of the "face-down sleeping position", apparently looking as a banal directive instead evolving in a very serious and distressing problem: the bulk increase of Sudden Infants Death Syndrome (SIDS)

What's Out: INFANTS SLEEPING ON THE STOMACH OR SIDE
What's In: INFANTS SLEEPING ON THE BACK 

This isn't exactly new for 1998 since the Back to Sleep campaign has been going strong throughout 1997. Most new parents have now heard that infants should be placed on their backs to sleep; however, other care givers including daycare centers, baby-sitters, and even grandmothers may not have heard of this. 1997 saw a dramatic drop in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) almost entirely due to the Back to Sleep campaign. The Second Lady, Tipper Gore, announced that this campaign is now entering a second phase to help further drop the incidence of SIDS. The American Association of Retired Persons has agreed to help with getting the word out about putting babies to sleep on their backs. Additionally,television and other media will be helping out as well.1998 should see an increased awareness (and not just withnew parents) about the benefits of putting babies on their backs to sleep.

CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL REPORT ON SIDS October 11, 1996
.Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - United States, 1983-1994 SIDS - United States - Continued Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is "the sudden death of an infant under 1 year of age which remains unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including performance of a complete autopsy,examination of the death scene, and review of the clinical history". Although SIDS is a diagnosis of exclusion and of unknown etiology, it is the leading cause of postneonatal mortality in the United States, accounting for approximately one-third of all such deaths. This report analyzes age, race, and region-specific trends for SIDS in the United States during 1983-1994 (the latest year for which final data are available) and indicates that annual rates of SIDS DECLINED more than three times faster during 1990-1994 than during 1983-1989. Data about deaths attributed to SIDS and data about autopsy rates are from U.S.public-use mortality data tapes compiled by CDC and include infants (aged <365 days) who were born to U.S. residents and died from SIDS (listed as the underlying cause of death) (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9], code 798.0). Death rates were estimated as the number of these deaths divided by the number of live-born infants during the same period; data about live-born infants are from publishednatality statistics. To characterize SIDS trends, annual data were combined so that the rate of SIDS for 1983-1989 could be compared with the rate for 1990-1994; these periods were selected for comparison because of the implementation during the 1990s of efforts that potentially influenced diagnosis and reporting of SIDS(e.g., increased awareness among healthcare providers about risk factors for SIDS,revision of the definition of SIDS, and initiation of national SIDS prevention efforts).For the first time since 1980, in 1994, SIDS declined from the second to the third leading cause of infant mortality. In addition, preliminary mortality data for 1995 indicate that the SIDS rate declined 18.3% from 1994, representing the largest annual percentage decline since 1983 and suggesting that the higher rate of decline observed during 1990-1994 is continuing. This trend may reflect changes in the prevalence of known risk factors and/or changes in the diagnosis of SIDS. Many of the riskfactors for SIDS identified during the 1980s(e.g., low birthweight, young maternal age, and poor socioeconomic status) are not readily amenable to intervention. However, a strong association between the infant prone sleeping position and SIDS had been established by 1990.
*** During 1992, the American Academy of Pediatrics began recommending that parents place infants on their back or side to sleep, and during 1994,the national Back to Sleep campaign began promoting the nonprone sleeping position as well as other modifiable risk factors (e.g.,breastfeeding was encouraged and exposure to tobacco smoke andoverheating was discouraged).
*** Studies in other countries indicated that SIDS rates declined approximately 50% concurrent with DCREASES in the prevalence of PRONE sleeping.
*** In the United States during 1992-1995, the SIDS rate declined 30% concurrent with a decrease in the prevalence of prone sleeping from 78% in 1992 to 43% in 1994.
*** Although the prevalence of breastfeeding did not change substantially during the study period, birth certificate data indicate that during 1989-1994, the prevalence of cigarette smoking during pregnancy declined by approximately 25% (from 19.5% to 14.6%).
Continued occurrence of related diagnoses such as suffocation (ICD-9 code 913) and other ill-defined conditions(ICD-9 codes 780-797 and 799) INCREASED from 1983-1989 to 1990- 1994 (28.8% and 29.2%, respectively), but these diagnoses combined comprise <1% of all infant deaths. The Back to Sleep campaign should continue to publicize risk factors for SIDS and ensure that prevention messages reach all segments of the population, [emphasis ours] especially those at high risk for SIDS.
Note: This is the precise goal of the ChildSecure SIDS Project 2000, however our focus is on many more risk factors than just prone sleeping position. -Ed.In addition, widespread implementation of the recently published national guidelines for death scene investigation of sudden, unexplained infant  deaths should help standardize the investigation of these deaths and improve the accuracy of SIDS diagnoses.

Health Information & Media

The Back to Sleep campaign is suitably named for its recommendation to place healthy babies on their backs to sleep. Placing babies on their backs to sleep reduces the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), also known as "crib death." This campaign has been successful in promoting infant back sleeping to parents, family members, child care providers, health professionals, and all other caregivers of infants. This campaign is sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the SIDS Alliance, and the Association of SIDS and Infant Mortality Programs. The Back to Sleep campaign provides a variety of publications on the importance of placing babies on their backs to sleep to help reduce the risk of SIDS. Most are available both for order and viewing on line.

Fleming, Gilbert, Azaz, Berry, Rudd, Stewart, and Hall,1990. Interaction between bedding and sleeping position in the sudden infant death syndrome: a population based case control study. British Medical Journal (July 14, 1990), volume 301(6743), pages 85-89.
(e molti altri / and many others)
Guntheroth and Spiers, 1992. Sleeping prone and the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association (May 6, 1992), volume 267(17), pages 2359-2362.

Prevalence of Face-Down and Face-Into-Bedding Deaths In terms of rebreathing, the supine, face-up scenario, even when the nose and mouth are covered... - In a case-control series, Carpenter and Shaddick (10) showed that the face-down posture significantly increased risk of sudden death (p <0.01).... 1/5 to 1/2 of SIDS occurs in a posture that makes rebreathing possible - face down, with nose and mouth into bedding. For the U.S.A., the results have... 71% Tue, 27 Jul 2004 12:40:05 GMT   To: sidsnet@sids-network.org

I know - but I hope to receive more and more exact information about - the "trial" which "obliged" in the '80 years to put the infants to sleep face down. A demential trial!!! But before to quote the sources, I WISH TO UNDERLINE THAT NEVER CAME INTO ANYONE’S HEAD A SO WEIRD DEED AS TO PUT NEW BORNS FACE DOWN. THE MAIN CAUSE OF MY DISMAY IS JUST THIS: THE UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDERLY ACCEPTANCE OF A SIMILAR ODDITY. 
At least in Italy - almost in 2000s years - I saw till now often babies sleeping on their stomach, and I heard that many obstetrics and pediatricians prescribe to do so (!!!) instead of the growing statistics which show a very larger amount of deaths in this position. What to do? How share these data worldwide in a more powerful way?
Until now I go on seeing baby carriages with babies “compressed” face-down. Statistics regarding death rate from this “experiment” (?) (“experiment” in the real meaning “world trial”?) are very eloquent. Any way this position at least is very damaging for the mental health since frustrating curiosity, attention, at least hindering to watch the external world...: thus seriously disturbing far-reaching elation for which babies are from birth LONGING FOR. (This is very evident on observing babies, but  such a LOSS is also noticeable in memories recalled as TRAUMATIC: for example: “cradles with curtains” re-lived as something as nightmare.). But if mental health is important, the LIFE itself is the most! Look at links above, together with a wide bibliography of books and articles regarding this (remarkable) increase of death rate.  

I would be happy to try to provide more information. However, I don't really understand the question. I am not aware of any 'trial' in the 1980's which 'obliged' anyone to put infants to sleep in the prone position. As far as I am aware, there never was any scientific basis for this practice. As you apparently know, now there is a great deal of scientific data indicating that the prone (face down) position is associated with the highest risk of SIDS. (Answer by a professor of the Johns Hopkins Children's Center Pediatric Pulmonary Division,) From xxx@xxx Sun Jan 25 20:04:40 1998
Subject: SIDS is practically nonexistent in nonindustrialized countries I am really interested in this work, and I am interested in this International Conference on SIDS as my area of specialization in anthropology is biological and evolutionary anthropology as you know. And SIDS is a fascinating cultural and evolutionary phenomenon that I have studied in some detail in my graduate work, and I can tell you briefly that SIDS is practically nonexistent in those nonindustrialized countries and even almost nonexistent in industrialized countries where the newborn infant sleeps in the same bed with its mother. The highest rates of SIDS are in the USA and other industrialized European countries (and Japan) where the newborn infant is "required" to learn how to sleep by itself in a bed separate from the parent's bed or as most often the case in another room. Several famous evolutionary anthropologist have theorized that an infant's respiratory system is really too fragile too sleep apart from the mother after birth as human newborns are born in such a altricial state (as opposed to precocial state where an animal take take care of itself immediately after birth) that they need the contact with their mother to establish a regular circadian and respiratory cycle. Thus, in those countries where infants immediately sleep apart from their mothers the rates of SIDS are much higher than in those countries where mothers sleep with their newborns and breast feed on demand. We evolved over millions of years as primates and then as "human" primates sleeping with our mothers as newborns. And so the politicians outlawed the practice of mothers sleeping with their children, and after the passage of laws forbidding co-sleeping with infants the myth also began that claimed that mothers who did sleep with their infants were at risk of sleeping too deeply and rolling over and smothering their infants. This is a myth as there is no evidence from either clinical studies that had mothers sleeping with their newborns in the laboratory or from countries where co-sleeping still occurs that the accidental suffocation of infants in bed with mothers is a problem. In fact they found that both mother and newborn establish a complementary sleeping cycle, and both newborn and mother sleep more deeply when sleeping together!

Per di più, come per l'alimentazione e per qualsiasi altro elemento basilare nell'interazione tra le generazioni, anche in campi che dovrebbero attenre alla soggettività, all'espressione di sé se non alla libertà intervengono pesanti intrusioni di compensazioni fasulle altrui, di recuperi indiretti, se non di vere susperstizioni e docili "addomesticamenti" che al limite trasformano genitori "normali" in indiretti aguzzini. Messi in magnifica caricaturale evidenza nel film di Visconti: Bellissima dilagano miti rancorosi di aspettative di riscatto sociale di seconda genrazione, di accesso dei figli a posizioni di celebrità e successo; ma anche a partire da ben meno e da ben prima una pressione devastante del mondo adulto tende a disorganizzare la solenne regolarità del "mondo bambino": vi imperano miti superstiziosi di pseudo-salute dimostrata da un corpo che assecondi la moda vigente, trasformano in ansie di prestazione le normali differenze dello sviluppo motorio - Lasst mir Zeit è il titolo in tedesco quasi una parola d'ordine di tutta l'impostazione di Emmi Pikler - fino ad arrivare ad - orribili! - paradossi come l'accettazione di un maggior rischio di MORTE (!) pur di "evitare" un ipotetico e abbastanza lieve rallentamento nelle prime fasi dello sviluppo motorio.

Furthermore as with feeding and any other basic element of interraction between the generations, unwelcome attention and psedo-altruistic interference as well as real superstition and seemingly innocuous "taming" occurs to interfere with self-expression,  if not liberty, and also occurs in fields which should be less subjective: turning "normal" parents into indirect slave-drivers. Anna Magnani's playing of the "stage-mother" in Visconti's film Bellissima magnificently caricatures the desire to ensure celebrity and success for one's children but also to a lesser extent explores the devastating pressure of the adult world which disturbs the solemn regularity of childhood: superstitious myths of pseudo-health are imposed by the body of current thinking which make any normal differences in motor development a source of anxiety - arriving at the point of a horrible paradox such as the acceptance of a greater risk of DEATH(!) in order to "avoid" a hypothetical and albeit slight slowing in the first phases of motor development.
Lasst mir Zeit = Allow me MY time being the German title of Emmi Pikler's work is appropriate to remember here.